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艮齋 門下 勇菴 金思禹? 學問? 思想 — ???? ??? ??? ‘一理’的 體用心性論? ???? — (A Study on the Studies and Thoughts of Yongam Kim Sa-u - Development and Meaning of Yongam Kim Sa-u's Philosophy and Reasoning / Jang beoung-han)

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????? 2025.03.11 ????? 2016.12
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艮齋 門下 勇菴 金思禹? 學問? 思想 — ???? ??? ??? ‘一理’的 體用心性論? ???? —
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    勇菴 金思禹(1857-1907)? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? 高足 弟子??. ??? 現實? 憂患意識 ? 學者的 處世觀, ??? 華夷論? 異端 批判 ? ? 對應論? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??. ?? ?? ??? ??, ??? ?? ‘心卽理’?? ???? ?? ????? 心? 理? ????? ? 主心家?? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????. ?? 正學? ?? ??? ‘心本性’?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????.
    ?? ?? ??? 知覺, 知識, 三達德?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????. ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????. ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?, ????? 主從?師弟?尊卑? ??? ??? ???? 經緯?體用論? ????. ??? ????? 優劣? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ? ?? ????.
    ??? ‘一理字’上? 經緯?體用論? ????. ??? ?? 華西? ‘本心卽理’?? 理, 蘆沙? ‘理尊無對’? 理, 寒洲? ‘心卽理’? 理? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???, ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????. ??? ?? ‘性卽理’學? ???? ‘一理’學?? 歸敬?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???.
    ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ‘性師心弟說’, ‘性尊心卑說‘, ‘心本性說’ ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????. ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??, 心? ???? ????? ?? 誠? ???? ???? ???, ‘性體道用’論? ‘達德(道之體)?達道(性之用)論 ? ’誠本道用’論? ????. ???? ??? ??? 心? 用??? ??? ??, ??? ??? ??? ???? ‘三德卽性(理)之同’??? ?? 理(性)學?? ?????? ???.
    ?? ?? ??? ‘理’一字上? 經緯?體用論的 理心性說? 展開? 30?? ?? ?? 師門?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? 參究?? 思索?? 考驗?? ??? 自得? ???. ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? 理學?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?, 大一統? 大同的 民族主體 思想? ???? ??? ???, ? ??? ?? ??? ? ? ??. ??? ??? ?? 國亡? 克復? ?? ??? ?? ?? 憂國衷情? ????? ??? ??? ?? 指南處? ??? ?? ??? ??.

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    Yongam Kim Sa-u(1857~1907) was the principal disciple of Ganjae who is not known to the academia to date. His Virtue Establishment and Deep Learning are evaluated as the pillar of the academia, and the cream of the Confucian scholars. Yongam's concerning mind of the reality, his scholarly worldview, his criticism different from the Theory of the Civilized and Barbarians, and response theory generally keep abreast with his master Ganjae, and inherit them. Yet, in relation to his master Ganjae's worldview, Yongam did not hesitate to present counsel and advice, and vowed to consolidate mutual ties among his scholarly colleagues to respond to the times and thoughts.
    Yongam was deeply concerned about the then problem of the Techniques of the Way being divided. The division of schools and political parties led to the division of the state's public opinions and the weakening of the state power, eventually to the fall of the state due to external powers. Thus, Yongam asked his master Ganjae to unify thoughts.
    Yet, he developed his philosophy and reasoning and acquired this learning from 30 years of the studies with his master Ganjae, as well as from self-study, thinking and experience. Such self-acquisition theory of Yongam is based on the guideline under which, prior the Japanese colonial rule of Korea, the division of studies due to arguments about the Mind theory is unified into the reasoning studies so as to resist the imperial invasion and Japanese deprivation of Korea, making it significant. We should take Yongam's patriotic mentality for overcoming the state's difficulties as the guideline for our future unification of Korea.

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