1960?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? (The Politics of Leisure Culture in 1960s)

? ??? 1960?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ? ??? ??????, ?? ?????, ??? ??, ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??. 1960?? ??? ????? ??? ????, ??, ?? ? ??? ??? ??? ????????, ?? ???? ???? ??, ??, ??? ?? ?? ???? ????. ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? 1960?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???. 1966? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????. ??? ???? ???, ????? ???, ??? ???? ???, ?? ?? ???? ??, ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?????. ?? ????? ???? ? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????, ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????. ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????, ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??.

This article approaches the political meaning of cultural negotiation between nation-state, capital and the masses by clarifying the change in leisure culture in the 1960s. In the early 1960s, ordinary people's leisure culture was limited to indoor life, like listening to music, reading books and meditation. Only the upper class enjoyed the outdoor life: mountain-climbing, fishing and hiking. On the contrary, many poor students in high schools and colleges went on a penniless journeys, which were destined to disappear due to the development of capitalism and the spread of private ownership.
Since 1966, a new leisure culture appeared on the basis of high economic development: popularization of leisure beyond class, boom of outdoor-oriented leisure culture, regular summer vacations, frequent weekend-trips, picnic-boom of family or company by unit and fashion of relaxation for urban white-collar workers. These phenomena which outran economic levels and the nation-state's 'thrift and saving' ideology, were acquiesced by the state and were encouraged by capital. These were directly-opposed ideas in perspective of state and capital to make economic development. But they couldn't help accepting a new leisure culture to face the effect of increased consumption. People showed their desire for living like a human being by enjoying the new leisure culture, but they started to obey, partially, the ruling ideology and contributed to socio-cultural inequality.