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花潭 徐敬德 氣哲學? 審美意識 ?? (A Study on the Esthetical Awareness of Chi Philosophy of Hwadam Seo Gyung-Duk)

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????? 2025.04.11 ????? 2016.12
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花潭 徐敬德 氣哲學? 審美意識 ??
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    花潭 徐敬德(1489~1546)? 朝鮮 ??? ???? ????, 隱者? ?? ??, ???? 氣哲學? ??? ??? ?????. 花潭? ?? ?? ? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???. 花潭? ??? ??? ??? ??????, ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????. ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????, ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???. ??? ???? ?? ??? ??, ????? ??? ?? ?? ? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???, ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???. ??? ? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ? ? ?? ?? ???.
    花潭? ??? ??? 氣? ? ??? ????, ??? ?? ?? 氣? ???? ??? ????. 花潭 徐敬德 氣哲學? 審美意識? ??? ??? ??, 氣? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ? ?? 美感??, ? ??? ? ? ??. ??, 花潭? 氣? 湛然虛靜? 太虛? ?????, 虛卽氣?? ???. 太虛? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??. 湛然虛靜? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????, 物? ???? ? ?? ?? 理? ???? ???? ?? ? ??. 虛卽氣? 湛然虛靜? 美感? ??? 虛心坦懷? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? 美感??.
    ??, 花潭? 氣? ?? ?? ?? ??(無乎不在), ??? ?? ?? ??.(無乎不到)? ??. 花潭? ??? ?? ?? 虛? ??? 誠(實)? ??? ????. 花潭?? ??? 神? ??? ??? ??? 昇華??. 花潭? 理氣? 合一? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???, ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???. 理氣合一? 象外神遊? 美感? 現象界? ??? 審美? ??? 合一? 美感??. ??, 花潭?? ?? 氣? ??? 機自爾? 微妙? ???? ???? 理之時? ??? ???. 機自爾? 機? 生化?? ??? ?? ????, ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? 生氣? ?? ??? ??. ??? 理之時? 太極 ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????, ???? ??? ???? 生氣? ????? ???? ???. 機自爾 理之時? 生化? 美感? ????? ??? ???? 生命? ??? ?? 美感??.
    ???? ??, ????? ???? ?? ?? 湛然虛靜? ??? ????, 現象界? ???? 象外神遊? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? 外物? ?? ???, ??? 外物? ? ??? 生氣? ???? ??. 氣? ????? ??? ??? ?? 聚散?? ??? 變化無雙?? ????, 花潭 氣哲學? 審美意識? ??? 機自爾??, ?? ??? ???? 理之時? ??? ??? ?? ????.

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    Hwadam Seo Gyung-Duk(1489~1546) is a representative Confucian scholar of the Joseon dynasty. He is a unique philosopher who has lived a hermetic life and established his own Chi Philosophy. Hwadam spent his entire lifetime living in a rural hermit, despite the fact that he had been given the opportunity to make some adjustments during his lifetime. Hwadam demanded the constant restoration of personality and thought that reaching the highest level of life was one with enlightenment. He started from social problems and discussed liberty, and tried to escape not only social bondage but also physical desire. Living with an aesthetic view of life transcends personal interest and desire by intuitive perception, rather than analyzing the usefulness or profit of the object in dealing with everyday life and objects. By taking a contemplative attitude toward the event and things, it is possible to live a beautiful life through intuitive perception.
    Hwadam thought that a universal principle of Chi is the very principle of individual; also, the world of phenomenon is consisted of Chi. Chi Philosophy of esthetical receiving sense esthetical perception of Hwadam, there are three for esthetical perception that can feel in in approaching the recognition process into spirit. First, Hwadam identified the Chi as the Tae-heo(太虛) that was Dam-yeon- heo-jeong(湛然虛靜), saw as empty is Chi(虛卽氣). Tae-heo(太虛) seems as if there is no movement in silence but is equipped with beauty of source that causes the movement of the things. If Dam-yeon-heo-jeong (湛然虛靜) mind is the presiding demonstrate awareness as much as possible, to preside over things (物) can enjoy the pleasure to acquire the li(理) contained therein. Dam-yeon- heo-jeong(湛然虛靜)'s esthetic sense of empty is spirit(虛卽氣). It is the subject of a candid mind of vanity and objects of the harmony achieved.
    Second, Chi is in everywhere(無乎不在), reach everywhere(無乎不到). Hwadam defines human nature also as empty and sincere presence at the same time. According to Hwadam Shen(神) is the sublimate of the sprit(精神) inherent in the subject. Moral state of Hwadam is the very stage of aesthetic, unity of aesthetic and moral. Li and Chi's unity of Sang-wae-sin-yu(象外神遊)'s esthetic sense(美感) is the unity of aesthetic appreciation which is transcending the phenomenal world and Tao. Third, the effect of Ki-ja-ee(機自爾) shall be subject to mate with the Chi of Li-ji-si(理之時) that functions as a subtle laws. Ki(機) of Ki-ja-ee(機自爾) is related to the reviving beauty of life, depart from life and leads the universe and life body to highly animated beauty. And wisdom of Tae-heo of li-ji-si(理之時) is sublimated in the top of the universe and the life Chi of philosophy, philosophy of art layer above material layers of human life to help circulation of vitality. Esthetic sense of revival of Ki-ja-ee(機自爾) Li-ji-si(理之時)'s esthetic sense is about life that all things in nature consistent of eternal life.
    Taken together, unselfish Dam-yeon-heo-jeong(湛然虛靜) mind is focused for the requirement of artistic creation, only when facing things at outside(外物) while strolling freely in the stage of mysterious and marvelous art of Sang-wae-sin-yu (象外神遊) beyond the phenomenal world, vitality between things at outside(外物) and me finally activated. As spirit achieve the kaleidoscope of everything by the chwisan(聚散) with taking mysterious and marvelous energy from the body, esthetical awareness of Hwadam chi philosophy is the best aesthetic stage with unity of Ki-ja-ee(機自爾) of universe and the inherent harmonious Li-ji-si(理之時).

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