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合口 3等 介音? ??? 撮口 韻母? ?? ?? (A Study on the Medial of the Third Division Hékǒuhū)

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????? 2025.04.16 ????? 2023.12
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合口 3等 介音? ??? 撮口 韻母? ?? ??
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    ???(1985:70-71)? ??(合口) 3?(等) ??(介音)? *i?w(jw)? ??? ?? ??(撮口) ??(韻母)? ??? ?? 3? ?? *iw?? ??? ??? ?? ??. ????? ?? 3? ??? ??? *iw? ?? *wi? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????, ?? 3? ??? wi? ??? ??? ???, ?? ??? ?? ? 江?宕? ???, 遇? 3等字? ?? ??? ???? ?????. ?? ?? ?? 3? ??? ??? wi? ?????? ??, ?? ?? [y]? wi?? ????? ??? ???.

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    The medial of cuōkǒuhū [y] has been thought to have originated from the medial of the 3 rd division hékǒuhū *iw, since Karlgren reconstructed the medial of the 3 rd division hékǒuhū as *jw. Karlgren considered the order of the medial of the 3 rd division hékǒuhū to be iw, not wi, because in the Korean pronunciations of 均, 勻(kiun), 允(iun) the medial was i?(j) and besides, the Middle Chinese of 圭, 奎 was *kiwei, *k?iwei, but the Korean pronunciation of 圭, 奎 is kiu, after the following parts of w were gone. However, in Sino-Vietnamese the order of the medial of the 3 rd division hékǒuhū is ui, not iu. Therefore, there is an argument that the order of the medial of the 3 rd division hékǒuhū should be corrected into wi. In this paper, I tried to find the evidence that the order of the medial of the 3 rd division hékǒuhū should be corrected into *wi in Vietnamese pronunciation, Korean pronunciation and Chinese pronunciation of Chinese characters. As a result, it was concluded that the order of the medial of the 3 rd division hékǒuhū should be reconstructed as *wi, and the vowel [y] of modern Mandarin came from *wi, not *iw.

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