?? ???? ???? ?? ?? - ???????? ? ??? ???? - (A Study On Choi Ikhyun's Understanding International Relations - Focusing On Choi's Sangso -)

???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ? ?? ??? ???? 19??? 20??? ??? ????. ?? ???[???], ???[???] ??? ??? ??? ? ??? ????? ??? ? ?? ??? ????? ????. ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????, ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????. ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????[??????]? ???? ?? ??? ???. ? ??? ?? ?? ??????. ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????.
??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????, ????. ??? ???? ????? ????? ? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???. ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????, ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????. ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??. ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ? ??? ??? ???? ???, ? ??? ??? ????.
??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?????. ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ¡®????????¡¯ ? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??[??]? ?? ????? ?? ??[??]? ????. ??? ? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ? ??? ??? ??.

Choi Ikhyun lived from 19th to 20th century. It was the era that Joseon dynastywas not able to sustain its system. Choi consistently expressed in the way that Joseon and its people could overcome a crisis exposed by national identity and social instability. The idea proposed by Choi was ambivalent. On the one hand, he suggested to use ¡®Sangso¡¯[a politically official letter]. On the other hand, he recruited Uibyoung[a righteous army]. All these actions came from Choi¡¯s royalty to the sino-centrism and the independence of Joseon. In this vein, Choi reemphasized a ¡®Wijeong-cheoksa¡¯[the thought that protect orthodoxy and reject heterodoxy]. Choi was the representative of intellectuals who try to maintain their community.
After Joseon was colonized by Japan, they appropriated Wijeong-chuksa as they want. Japan attributed the anti-movement of opening ports by the Wijeong-chucksa intellectuals to ignorance on international relationship. Based on these appropriated arguments did Japan rationalize their colonization, because Joseon had failed in modernization. This negative conception has continued nowadays. However, Choi originally intended to protect Joseon from Japan¡¯s hidden strategy of invading Joseon in the name of a opening port and enlightenment.
This article endeavors to prove Choi¡¯s opposition to Japan did not derive from¡®Hwaigwan¡¯[the discriminated view on civilization and barbarian] and Joseon sino-centrism. To re-illuminate Choi¡¯s idea and act, this writer scrutinized some Choi¡¯s Sangso which by expressed his understanding on international relationship and his way of solution for overcoming the crisis.