<?????>? ?? ?? ?? (A Study on Gisaeng¡¯s Discourse in ¡®Gwakjangyangmunrok¡¯)

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This paper began with an interest in eight female Gisaengs among the characters of the major novel ¡°Kwakjang Yangmunrok¡±. These eight female Gisaengs are collectively referred to as ¡°palchang(°Ëæ½)¡± and appear under their own names, and they reveal their self-consciousness and at the same time express their desires through utterances and actions. Palchang¡¯s desire can be divided into a desire to survive and a desire to rise in status. Palchang reveals the desire to live in peace for the rest of his life through dialogue, and at the same time, there is a difference in strength and weakness, but it has a common desire to become a concubine and be guaranteed for the rest of her life. However, The noblemen and noble women¡¯s perspectives on Palchang¡¯s desires are very negative. Gwak Seon-gyeong once favored Palchang and invited her into her household, and Palchang entrusted the rest of her life to Gwak Seon-gyeong and gave up her life. However, Gwak Seon-gyeong did not look back on Palchang after Jang Gwang-yeom gave birth to a son, and Jang Gwang-yeom did not provide them with food, clothing, or shelter because they were courtesans. They treated me coldly and did not care for me. On the other hand, Han Yeong-hee and Joo Woon hwa, who were in an antagonistic relationship with Jang Gwang-yeom, tried to use the Palchang, which had been treated coldly by Jang Gwangyeom, as a tool to eliminate Jang Gwang-yeom and ascend to the position of first wife, and when the incident was discovered, they turned a blind eye to Ja-un and Myeong-hye. In this way, noblemen and noble women have a negative view of courtesans without any distinction between good and evil people, and show the aspect of using courtesans as tools and then discarding them. Palchang¡¯s desire is to survive and rise in status. However, Joseon¡¯s social norms that emphasize chastity for women conflict with the very existence of Palchang. This is because it was impossible in Joseon society for a courtesan who could not keep her chastity to protect her chastity, guarantee her survival, and realize her rise in social status. Because of this, Palchang participated in evil deeds to relieve her poor livelihood, and she was punished, or the work inevitably ended in an unknown end, meekly accepting her poor livelihood.