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This paper aims at arranging Jing(pure matter) and Shen(pure soul) in the philosophy of Confucius and Mencius. Jing and Shen had been emphasized gradually in Laozi and Zhuangzi. Finally, Jingshen(spirituality) which combined Jing and Shen has been born formally in Huainanzi. In this process, Shen is superior to Jing; Jingshen is superior to body(Xinghai: shape and skeleton). Even between Gui and Shen(Guishen: ghost), Shen is proceed to Gui. This sort of tendency is related with Taoist attitude which is willing to ensure an independence of spirituality.
However, Confucian who cannot accept an existence of absolute self has the opposite opinion. For them, the most important thing is not only an objective world, but also a role of society or state. Li(rite) which was conceived in the cultural tradition is more meaningful than an individual spirituality. Li is an order of society and a norm of human beings.
In the Analects of Confucius, Shen appears 7 times as Guishen(ghost) though Confucius said that he could not know and tell about ghost. Confucius wanted to keep his distance against ghost. For him, humanization of this world is more significant than ghost.
In Mencius, Shen appears just 1 time as Guishen. But it means whole ghosts(one hundred ghosts) which represents the will of whole people(one hundred people). Shen also means a mystery of education and the highest stage of character.
The most momentous thing is Li rather than Jing and Shen for Confucius and Mencius. Futhermore, They hope to worship Tien(heaven) overcoming Guishen. Their Realistic point of view to benefit people have precedence over spirituality which maximizes the realm of individuals.