??????????? ????? ?(·Ç)????: ??, ??, ??? ????? ?? ?? (San Francisco Peace Treaty and the Non-Signatories of Northeast Asia: Preservation of the Norms and the Soviet Union, South Korea, and China)

? ?? ??? ??? ???-?????? ????? ???? ??????????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????. ??????????? ??? ????, ??? ??? ?? ??? ??, ????????? ??, ?? ??, ??????? ??, ????? ??? ???. ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?(·Ç)????? ????? ???, ? ??, ??, ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ???? ????. 1952? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ??? 1956? ??, 1965? ??, 1972? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????. ??????????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? 1945? ???? ??? ???, ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???. ?? ??? ??????????? ???? ????, ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ? ??? ????. ????? 1945???? ??? ???? ??????????? ?? ??? ????, ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????. ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ? ?????? ??????????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???. ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????, ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ??????????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ????. ?? ?????? ??????????? ??(±£È«)?? ? ????? ??.

This paper focuses on the explicit provisions prescribed in the San Francisco Peace Treaty that officially ended the Asia-Pacific War started by Japan, and the standards derived from those provisions. The standards accompanying the San Francisco Peace Treaty included restoration of peace with the end of the war, accompaniment of the Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan, reorganization of territory, compliance with the Charter of the United Nations, and the trend of the Cold War. Based on this setting, this paper makes a macroscopic investigation on the relationship with the Northeast Asian non-signatories, such as the Soviet Union, South Korea, and China, to review their relationship with the San Francisco Peace Treaty. Japan, which restored its sovereignty with the San Francisco Peace Treaty in 1952, restored or normalized diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union in 1956, South Korea in 1965, and China in 1972. These non-signatories of the San Francisco Peace Treaty already maintained historical and political relations with Japan before 1945; therefore, it was necessary to make diplomatic ties to reestablish their relationship with the reborn Japan. Though they did not sign the San Francisco Peace Treaty, they improved relations with Japan in the form of accepting the standards of the peace treaty through normalization of diplomatic relations.
In conclusion, it is a historical fact that the San Francisco Peace Treaty that ended the war up until 1945 was born during the Cold War and that it solidified the Cold War order in Northeast Asia. However, restoration and normalization of diplomatic relations between non-signatories of the peace treaty and Japan did not deviate from the standards created through the San Francisco Peace Treaty. From this perspective, the start of post-war Japan had no choice but to engage in limited diplomacy during the Cold War, the age of ideology. Yet, through diplomatic relations with the non-signatories, Japan was able to safeguard the standards of the San Francisco Peace Treaty and expand its sphere of political action. This result also led the non-signers to preserve the San Francisco Peace Treaty.