19?? ??? ??? ??? ??? (Spatial Characteristics and Life Phase of Ganggyeong in the 19th Century)

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Ganggyeong(½­¾°) of Eunjin-hyeon(¶÷½ò¿h) in the late Joseon Period is a typical space of ¡®regional history studies¡¯ examined with various topics and perspectives. However, not enough attention was paid with regard to microscopic approach on the spatial characteristics of Eunjin-hyeon Gimpo-myeon(½ðÆÖÃæ) to which Ganggyeong Port actually belonged in the late Joseon Period compared to nearby myeon(Ãæ) and ri(Àï), the specific location of Ganggyeong Port and market, what the residents of Ganggyeong Village did, and what kind of people gathered in Ganggyeong Market.
This originates from the limited materials commonly faced by regional history studies of the Joseon Period. However, the most realistic request for regional history studies is to ¡®determine the aspects of the past connected to the contemporary times¡¯. Thus, at this point it is necessary to seek ways to overcome such limitation by extending and reorganizing the application scope of materials. In other words, there is a need for methodologies to ¡®connect the pre-modern to modern times of regional history studies¡¯. Accordingly, this study sufficiently used the findings of previous studies as well as data from the Japanese Colonial Period in order to determine the spatial characteristics of Eunjin-hyeon Gimpo-myeon in the 19th century as well as Ganggyeong Port and the life phase.
The results can be summarized as follows. The natural environment of Eunjin-hyeon Gimpo-myeon had an extreme meander beyond imagination in antique maps penetrating the heart of the village. The quality of soil was sterile due to the influence of the seawater and there were insufficient related facilities, and thus agriculture could not develop much. However, big ships could dock at Ganggyeong Port using ebbs and floods. Also, through the land route connecting from the tributaries such as mainstream Geumgang River(å\½­) and Nonsancheon(Փɽ´¨) Stream as well as the ports on both banks of Geumgang River, there was a wide distribution network to Chungcheong-do(ÖÒœ[µÀ) and Jeonju(È«ÖÝ), which enabled the port to grow into a great port with many merchant ships.
Ganggyeong Village in the 1850s had big merchants such as ship owners and commission agencies, as well as small merchants who opened stores on the outskirts of Ganggyeong Port. There were also moneylenders in the market, and merchants selling salt and hemp cloth who came from other regions. Groups of people impersonating central authorities or minor officials of Eunjin and habitually cheating and tricking others as well as hand-to-mouth vagrants also gathered here for a living. In 1845, Fr. Andrew Kim Dae-geon(½ð´ó½¨) led Mgr. J. Ferreol and Fr. A. Daveluy to Joseon through Hwangsan Port near Ganggyeong Port. The dynamics of Ganggyeong Port were expanding to ideological and cultural aspects beyond just economic aspects.
This study has significant in that it investigated the space of Eunjin-hyeon Gimpo-myeon in the Joseon Period by tracing back the reorganization process into Nonsan-gun(Փɽ¿¤) Ganggyeong-myeon in 1914 and that it micro-historically approached the spatial characteristics of Eunjin-hyeon Gimpo-myeon as well as the actual state of Ganggyeong Port and village. However, there are still limitations in the methodology that applies the data from the open port and Japanese Colonial Period to the regional studies of the Joseon Period. This must be further developed along with the discovery of data in regional history studies.