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A Study on Xunzi��s Theory of Human Nature as Evil and Its Implications for Modern Moral Education





Gun Hur*

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the educational implications of Xunzi��s theory of the inherent evilness of human nature (�Ԑ��f) in modern moral education and to explore practical approaches for applying it within a structured educational framework. Xunzi asserts that human nature is inherently evil and that morality must be cultivated through education and discipline. This research examines how Xunzi��s perspective can be integrated into the theoretical foundations of contemporary moral education. Through a literature review and philosophical analysis, the study investigates the relationship between Xunzi��s theory and modern theories of moral education. It reviews original texts from Xunziand compares existing research and educational theories to explore how the theory of inherent evilness can be applied today. Furthermore, the study proposes ways to implement discipline-centered learning and social learning theory in moral education. By comparing Xunzi��s theory with Mencius�� theory of innate goodness, this study analyzes the directional implications for moral education and examines the significance of ritual (li, �Y) education in contemporary contexts. It emphasizes the importance of moral habit formation and discusses how moral education can harmonize discipline-based learning and experiential learning in elementary and secondary education. The findings suggest that Xunzi��s theory provides a valuable philosophical foundation for combining rule-based education with experiential learning. The study concludes that moral education should move beyond mere transmission of norms to fostering ethical reasoning and practical competence. To achieve this, collaboration among schools, families, and society is essential to creating a sustainable learning environment.




Key Words: Xunzi, Theory of Evil Human Nature, Moral Education, Ritual (Li) Education, Experiential Learning





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