??/??? ?? ???? ???? ? 3?? ???? ??? ???? - ????? ??? ¡¸???¡¹? ???? ¡¸Øš¡¹? ???? (The third world¡¯s subaltern women and maternity labor in colonial/postcolonial capitalizing society)

? ??? ????? ??? ????(????)? ???? ??? ????, ?? ?? ? ????? ?? ?????. ?? ??, ??? ?? ??? ?? ???, ????, ???? ?????, ?? ?????? ? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ¡¸???¡¹? 1950-1980?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???, ???? ¡¸?¡¹? 1930?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??. ??? ??? ???? ???, ? ? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???, ¡®??¡¯?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???. ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???. ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ¡º???¡»? ????? ?????? ????? ? ?? ??? ???, ??? ??? ??? ????.
??, ???? ¡¸?¡¹? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ? ??? ??? ??????. ¡¸?¡¹? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????. ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??????, ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??. ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???, ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???.

When affective production becomes part of waged labor it can be experienced as extremely alienating. This warning of Michael Hardt against capitalism can be a keypoint in comparing the Indian left feminist author, Mahasweta Debi¡¯s ¡°Breast-Giver¡± and the Korean writer, Che Man-Sik¡¯s ¡°Bin¡± whose meaning is ¡®poverty.¡¯ Despite the differences in their historical backgrounds, both of these works share their commonness in depicting the third world's colonial/postcolonial capitalistic modern societies through maternity labor of ¡®breast feeding¡¯ converted into wage labor.

What clearly distinguishes Debi¡¯s ¡°Breast-Giver¡± from Che Man-Sik¡¯s ¡°Bin¡±, however, is that, in the former, the protagonist¡¯s alienation eventually comes to the forefront as the story develops whereas the consciousness of alienation does not occur in the latter. The heroine of ¡°Breast-Giver¡±, Jashoda, experiences alienation from her labor, her family, her society, her religion and even from her body. The work reveals Jashoda¡¯s extreme maternity labor and its ideology as a fabrication of the cooperation of postcolonial capitalism and patriarchal nationalism. Debi reminds through her story that the conversion of woman¡¯s labor of care and maternity into wage labor cannot be an alternative for the present problems of women¡¯s invisible domestic labor. Che Man Sik¡¯s standing becomes clear when ¡°Bin¡± is compared with ¡°Breast Giver.¡± The wet nurse in ¡°Bin¡±, without being given any personal name, becomes a medium through whom the colonial Chosun society is projected in its capitalistic desire and national ideology. Her maternity labor converted into wage labor evokes her desire for money and social ascension without any experience of alienation. The comparison of these two works confirms that gender consciousness can make the two similar stories into completely different contexts.