????????? ??? 518??? ?????? (The Foundation of Gwangju Community Art School as a Counter-Memory Formation of the May 18th Uprising)

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The purpose of this paper is to review the role that the educational activities of the Gwangju Community Art School in the early 1980s had in the formation of counter-memory of the May 18th Gwangju Uprising.
The Gwangju Community Art School was originally opened by the Gwangju Painters Association for Freedom in 1983 and continued until 1992 as Public Art Education Courses. The Gwangju Painters Association for Freedom (?????????) made a strong start as an artistic group in which young painters who experienced on-site advertisement activity played a leading role in the shocking Gwangju Uprising. The educational courses offered by the Gwangju Community Art School included woodcarving, field surveys, discussions and cooperative group work. It was the positive effect of the cooperative group work and the passionate group discussions that really allowed people to come a better understanding of each other as well as build confidence.
The purpose of the various courses at the Gwangju Community Art School was to allow members of the community to express their feelings about events in history (particularly the May 18th Uprising). Therefore, they carved images into wood; images such as farmers, workers, city common people, beggars and madmen. The students at the school realized that they were unable to express life through art without looking deeply into the realities of ordinary life around them. When the wood carvings were put on exhibition, visitors sympathized with their neighbors wounds and together they remembered upon the scar of the May 18th Uprising. The Gwangju Community Art School was a place where the forbidden truth could be spoken about freely.
In the early 80s, directly after the event, the government and media labeled Gwangju Citizens as ��a mob of rioters��a statement that deeply hurt the people and created a distorted memory of the event. That is why all the painters, trainees and others involved in these programs were so driven and enthusiastic. Finally, The work achieved at the Community Art School was able to help heal the feeling of frustration and disentangle the deep sadness, which were a result of the Uprising.
Other models of the Gwangju Community Art School spread immediately all over the country. Before long, a great number of Community Art Schools were founded in labor spots, college clubs, religious groups and various communities. Counter-memory of the Gwangju Uprising was formed against the dominant memory constructed by the military regime, and it provided the momentum for Korean citizens to recognize the truth of the events on that day. It now serves as an example in history in hopes that similar events can be prevented from recurring. Finally, this study showed that the Gwangju Community Art School became a cornerstone in forming the counter-memory among the citizens who experienced the Gwangju Uprising.