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????? ??(時評)? ?? ? ?? ??? ?? (The Compilation of the Goryeo Military Regime's Historical Chronicles and Distortion of History)

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    ??????? 5?? ??? ?????. ??????????????? ????. ? ??? ??(史藁)? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? ???. ??? ? ????? ?? ? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??. ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????, ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??(史官)? ?? ???? ??(時評) ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???. ????? ???? ? ??? ???(1)? ??, ???? ? ??? ???(1)????(2)????(4)? ??? ???? ? ??? ??(1)? ??? ????.
    1189?(?? 19) ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???, ?? ???? ??? ??? ??(直書)?? ? ???. ??? ?? ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????. 1224?(?? 11) ??? ???? 1227?? ???? ???? ? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???. ??? ????? ??(史館)? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??, ???? ? ?? ????? ?????. ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????.
    ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? 1267?(?? 8) ????(三代實錄)?? ?????. ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ???, ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ? ???. ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???. ??? ???? ?? ??(史家)?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????, ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????. ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????, ??? ??? ??? ????, ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ? ????? ? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????.

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    During the Goryeo military regime, a chronicle of the five monarchs, King Uijong, King Myeongjong, King Shinjong, King Huijong, and King Gangjong, was compiled. During this period, a proper historical chronicle(史藁) could not be written, and even at its completion, this work suffered from distortions, as the functions of the historical chroniclers responsible for the chronicles were curtailed. Government officials were appointed directly by warrior to the posts of Supervision of national history(監修國史), responsible for summarizing the historical record, but when warrior rose to the position of Supervision of national history(the senior official responsible for drawing up the duties of these officials), he either placed limits on the editorial process or allowed outright historical distortions to hold sway. This is the reason for the lack of information about this period in Goryeosa and Goryeosa-jeoryo. Thus, during the process of composing this historical chronicle, along with other histories of this period, the forms of social commentary and criticism, directed as they were by the historical chroniclers, inevitably either excluded mention of warrior and his actions altogether or lapsed into a type of literary stagnation, examples being confirmed in historical essays, such as Yim Minbee’s work in The Historical Chronicle of King Uijong, Yu Seungdan, Kim Yanggyeong, and Gwon Gyeongjung’s work in The Historical Chronicle of King Myeongjong, and Yim Ik’s work in The Historical Chronicle of King Huijong.
    Compiled around 1189(King Myeongjong 19th), The Historical Chronicle of King Uijong could not very well have depicted a faithful and complete account of the military junta’s seizure of power, let alone the resulting tyranny of Yi Uimin. The usurpers geared the historical chronicles toward displaying the righteousness of military official’s consolidation of power in the face of the dissolution of the emperor’s civil administration as well as the discrimination against and oppression of the former empire’s civil and military ministers. The Historical Chronicle of King Myeongjong, begun in 1224(King Gojong 11th) and finished in 1227, serves as a detailed record of this editorial process. Using his power with an iron hand, however, Choe Clan held sway over the historical chroniclers and tried to use them to secure support and the perception of legitimacy regarding his authority. It was this environment which saw the compilation of The Historical Chronicle of King Myeongjong. The reason for this lies in the perceived need for a historical evaluation from the viewpoint of Choe Clan’s regime in regards to the military coup carried out by warrior, which was recognized as a critical turning point even at the time.
    While the historical records dealing with King Shinjong, King Huijong, and King Gangjong were typical of this period, they were then compiled into The Historical Chronicle of Three Generations(三代實錄) in 1267(King Wonjong 8th), the year that saw the imperial restoration. During this time as well, a proper historical chronicle could not be created, nor could a frank assessment of Choe Clan’s centralization of power. The military rulers assumed direct control of the histories’ editorial process and applied their authority severely, which inevitably resulted in the further weakening of the historical work of the chroniclers. Still, even Choe Chungheon was conscious of how his own authority would be judged by future historians, and this can be confirmed in his decision to foil the conspiracy to assassinate King Huijong. Thus arose the further need to control the process of compiling histories, and when one considers the editorial process against this background, it is possible to explain the historical records from King Shinjong to King Gangjong, as well as those of Goryeosa and Goryeosa-jeoryo being almost completely devoid of reliable information.

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