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?? ??? ?? ?? (Categorizing Rhythmic Patterns of Korean Court Music)

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????? 2025.06.04 ????? 2006.11
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    This paper is focused on the study of court music, which have evident music and is currently performed, in the establishment of methods and standards of Korean music rhythmic pattern. The rhythmic patterns of about 140 court music pieces in Court Music category was classified with regular or irregular rhythmic patterns, set of even beat, composition based on beat number, Ssang-Pyeon-go-yo order, ssang strokes and variation patterns. The summarized conclusion is as follows.


    1. Rhythmic structure is divided into regular and irregular rhythmic patterns. Irregular rhythmic pattern is found in about 40 musical pieces of the court music such as Botaepyeong, Jeongdae-eop and Yeomillak and the rest of the court music belong to regular rhythmic pattern.
    2. Most musical pieces have regular patterns with even beat rhythm but a few pieces such as Sangyeongsan in Gwanak-yeongsanhoesang, Sujecheon and Dongdong is divided into the uneven beat. The even beat based on the number can be classified into from slow sequence of 20 beat to 16, 12, 10, 8, 6, 5 and 4 beat pattern.
    3. Twenty beat rhythmic pattern is named as Sangyeongsan jangdan, Yeomillak jangdan and Boheoja jangdan even though the same rhythmic pattern. It would be possible to call them as slow jangdan or Ssang-pyeon-go-yo jangdan. Sixteen beat Gagok jangdan, Chwita jangdan, Seryeongsan jangdan, Pyeon jangdan in Gagok, Gilgunak jangdan, Sijo jangdan, Dodeuri jangdan, 5 beat jangdan, Taryeong jangdan can be also divided by the title of music.
    4. The sequence of Ssang-Pyeon-go-yo janggo point is a standard of categorizing rhythmic pattern. Even 20 beat rhythmic pattern like Sangyeongsan, uneven beat like Sujecheon, 10 beat rhythmic pattern (except Pyeon jangdan) like Seryeongsan and 6 beat rhythmic pattern like Mihwanip are repeated in Ssang-Pyeon-go-yo order.
    5. Existence of splitted rhythm in ssang stroke of Ssang-pyeon-go-yo is a standard of classification. Splitted rhythm is comprised in mostly slow pieces such as the first slow three sections in Yeomillak, Sanryeongsan in Gwanak Yeongsanhoesang, Sujecheon, Dongdon and Hyangdang gyoju.
    6. Appearance of rhythmic variation is a standard of categorization. Rhythmic variations are found in Dodeuri jangdan, Taryeong jangdan and a few Gagok jangdan but they are also standardized variation, not improvised variation form. Other variation pattern is not found in any other court music piece.

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