?? ???? ???? ?? ¡¤ ??(ÎäµÀ) ¡¤ ?? (Nation, "Warrior's Way" and History in the Scholarship of Chasan An Hwak (1886-1946))

?? ??(×Ôɽ °²Àª, 1886-1946)? ????? ??? ¡°??¡±?? ???? ???, ??? ??????? ??? ¡°?? ??¡±?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ??? ?? ??? ?? ???, ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???. ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???, ??????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????. ??? ? ??? ???? ???? ? ?????? ??? ? ????? ??? ??? ????, ????? ¡°???¡±? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????. ?, ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ¡°???¡± ? ¡°??? ?¡±? ?? ??? ¡°??(ÎäÊ¿) ??¡±? ???? ????? ? ¡°?? ??¡±? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?????. ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???(1880-1936)? ??? ?? ???, ?? ???? ¡°???¡±? ????? ?? ???? ?(Ëû)???? ??, ????? ?? ? ¡°??? ??¡±? ??? ¡®??¡¯? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???. ?? ??, ??? ?? ???? ¡°???, ?? ??? ??¡±? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????(×Ô‡øÊ·Ó^)? ?? ?? ??? ??? ? ???.

An Hwak(courtesy name: Chasan, 1886-1946) lived in a tragic epoch when Koreans were for the first time conceptualized as a modern ¡°nation¡± and simultaneously defined as a ¡°inferior nation¡± by the majority of Western contemporaries and Japanese imperialist ideologues. In such circumstances, An Hwak, naturally enough, wished to subvert the contemptuous gaze from the outside and establish his nation as either equal or even superior to its peers elsewhere. But a precondition for such an intellectual subversion was acceptance of the dominant Social Darwinist discourse of the imperialist epoch. An Hwak became a convinced Social Darwinist in his formative age in the 1900s-1910s, and then from the very beginning of his literary and scholarly activity began trying to ¡°prove¡± the ¡°superiority¡± of the Korean people by using typically Social Darwinist argumentation. He emphasized that ¡°from the times of Korean¡¯s progenitor Tan¡¯gun¡±, the Korean nation possessed unparalleled ¡°moral strength¡± based upon shared tribal religious beliefs, but also unmatched ¡°warlike spirit¡± best shown by the warriors of Koguryo(ca. 1st century B.C.¨C668 A.D.). Although his value judgment of the Chinese influence upon Korean culture differed greatly from much more xenophobic ideas of his famed elder contemporary Sin Ch¡¯aeho(1880-1936), he shared Sin¡¯s belief in Koreans as ¡°great conquering nation¡± of the antiquity able to ¡°assimilate¡± the conquered heterogeneous tribes. The ¡°Koguryo/Parhae-centred¡± view of Korean history established by Sin and An in 1900s-1930s, exerted crucial influence of the official historical narratives of both South and North Korea after 1945, as well as the popular perceptions of Korea¡¯s past in both parts of Korea.