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Manhae Hanyongun asserted the ¡®abolition of Recitation Room¡¯ in his Revolution of Chosun Buddhism. He considered recitation in his time as not ¡®true recitation¡¯ but ¡®false recitation¡¯, because it has been only ¡®calling Buddha¡¯s name¡¯. It is important that his critic has proposed as critic not only on the recitation which has been practised in Keonbongsa(ǬøPËÂ) but also composed the essential critic on the other-power faith which has recitation Buddha¡¯s name and Rebirth in Sukh¨¡vati as its essence.
Because he depends upon self-power faith, he can criticize the traditional recitation of Pure Land Buddhism. Of course, the viewpoint of Seon(Ch¡¯an) is composed in the self-power faith. But we must not considered his critic of the recitation depends on the logic of Seon(Ch¡¯an) Buddhism entirely. Because he thought the true recitation is to study and practise Buddha¡¯s behaviour, his philosophical denotation is more wider than Seon(Ch¡¯an)¡¯s logic.
Furthermore, Inoue Enryo(¾®ÉσÒÁË)¡¯s Influence has been ascertained in his critic on the recitation via Ryang Chichao(Áº†™³¬) who wrote the Collected Works of Drinking Ice Room too. Especially, We can ascertain the modernism also has been reflected in his critic on recitation, because he used the terminology of modern civilization and the concept of modern thoughts. Manhae strengthened his standpoints of the self-power via the logic of liberty, ethical responsibility, and criticized recitation of the Buddha¡¯s name from that viewpoints.
Because these his attitudes is rational and reasonal, it is also modern. The modern character in his critic on the recitation has the influence from the knowledge of western modernism and traditional Confucian rationalism as its basis. He had read the Confucian texts deeply in his hometown Seodang(•øÌÃ) It is problematic that Manhae¡¯s modern-Confucian attitudes avert our eyes from the lower people(ϸù­^) whom the Pure Land Buddhism try to save. Especially he didn¡¯t propose another methods for the lower people than Pure Land Buddhism. So his critic on the Recitation Amit¨¡bh¨¡¡¯s name give us reason and rationality, but took Buddha¡¯s compassion away from us. Is it no problem? I can¡¯t forget Amit¨¡bh¨¡¡¯s merciful mind for lower people with sins and desires, and thank for the deep compassion.