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??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???, ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??. ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??, ? ??????(setup time), ??? ??, ??????(production lead time), ??????(procurememt lead time), ???? ?? ?? ????? ??(infrastructural means)? ??? ????. ?????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? CAD/CAM, ???, ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????. ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??.
???? ?? ? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??. ??????? CAD(computer aided design/drafting), CAE(computer aided engineering), CAPP(computer aided process planning)?? ????? ??? ???? ? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????, Éú®b¹¤³Ì·ÖÒ°??? NC(numeric control), CNC(computer numeric control), DNC(direct numeric control), Robots, CAM(computer aided manufacturing), AS/RS(automated storage/retrieval system), AGVS(automated guided vechicle system), FMS(flexible manufacturing system)?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??. ??? ????? ???? MRP2(manufacturing resources planning)? ??? ??? ???? ????? JIT(just in time) ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??.