영어교수법 ppt

3.1 Explicit and Implicit Learning

Explicit learning ( = Intentional learning )
- Learning with conscious awareness and intention.
- Input processing to find out whether the input information contains regularities and, if so, to work out the concepts and rules with which these regularities can be captured

Implicit learning ( = Incidental learning )
- Learning without conscious attention or awareness.
- Occurs without intention to learn and without awareness of what has been learned
Attention
- Focus on certain stimuli , can occur in both conditions

3.2 Awareness (Consciousness)
- Thought of as analogous to conscious learning,
in which learners are in intentional control of their attention.
- Input is provided through reading a book, listening to a conversation, watching a movie.
- Intake is a subset of all input that actually gets assigned to our long-term memory store. What you take over a period of time and you can remember later.
Noticing Hypothesis (Schmidt ): noticing, or focally attending to a linguistic element in a learner’s input, may be an essential prerequisite to a learner’s ability to convert input into intake, Nothing is learned unless it has been noticed.