??? ????? ??????

1. ?? ??? ??
1) ?? ??
?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?1? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???. ??? ???, 10??? ??? 10?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????.
??? 10??? ?? 100??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????, ? constable? ?? ??? ???? ????.
100??? ?? ??? ???(Shire, ¿¤, County)? ?? ??? ? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????(‡øÍõ´ú¹Ù, Shire reef)? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????. ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ? ??? ?? ??? ?????.

2) ????
???? 1?? 1285? ??????(Statute of Winchester)? ?? ????? ?????.
1/ ????(Town)? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???(Constable)? ??? ???? ???.
2/ '?? ???'(Hue and cry)?? ?? ????????? ??????.
3/ 15?~60? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???.

3) ????
1829? ??? ??(Sir Robert Peel)? ?? ?????(Metropolitan Police Service)? ?????. ? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ? ?? ? ???? ? ??? ????.
??? 1829? ??????? ????(County Police Act)?? ?? 1?? ? 1?? ???? ????? ???? 1835? ?????(Municipal Corporations Act)? ???? ???????(Watch Committee)? ?????.