[???]????? ??? ??, ???? ?? ??

¢ñ. ??
????(governance)??? 20C?? 21C? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ? ??? ???? ??? ????. 1990?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ? ???? ? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???, ? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????, ?? ???? ????. ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???, ?????, ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????, ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????. ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????. ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???.

¢ò. ????? ??? ??
1) ????? ??
Rhodes (1997)? ???, `????`?? ??? ??? ??? ??, ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????. `??(government)`? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??, `????`? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????. ??? ??? ???? ???? `?? ?? ????(governance without government)`?? `???? ?????(from government to governance)`? ????? ??.
2) ????? ??
????? ?? ??? ??? ????, ????, ??????? ??, NGO, ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????. ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????. ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???. ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???, ?? ??? ??? ???. ? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? ???. ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????, ????? ??? ????? ? ?????.